A flexible approach proposed by Lucila Fernandez Uriarte as a means of decolonization in design. This model acknowledges that modern design in non-western nations is not merely a one-size-fits-all and their development is dependent on the specific historical exchange of culture. 

A model proposed by Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui for living in a post-colonial modern society, from the aymara word for “grey”, that argues for the ability for coexistence between different cultures living amongst each other without a need for making it hybrid/blended