Ch’ixi
A theoretical framework based that was proposed by Bolivian sociologist Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui in her book Un mundo Ch’ixi es posible (2012). As a pioneer in the field of decoloniality studies within Latin America, Rivera Cusicanqui proposes that the term ch’ixi represents an ideal way of coexistence between cultures, specifically western and non-western cultures, in the post-colonial modern society we live in today. Ch’ixi argues for the ability for multicultural coexistence amongst each other rejecting other models, such as hybridization and mestizaje which do not allow for a duality or bothness. What probably inspired Cusicanqui the most in the development of her theories surrounding ch’ixi is her ethnic background as indigenous Bolivian, specifically Aymara, and Sephardic Jewish, and her sense that these are dual, coexisting identities. The word ch’ixi is a direct translation of the Aymara word for “gray” and demonstrates the juxtaposition of black and white which are perceived as a gray color. Upon closer examination, it is clear that the two colors are still individual and do not mix into gray. What made Cusicanqui so revered was not only her critical awareness in decoloniality, but also her resilience and advocation given the political context of Bolivia immediately after it transitioned from a Dictatorship to a Republic in 1982. In terms of design within Latin America, we can apply this to the discourse surrounding the varied and complex cultural and national identities that may or may or not be apparent.